Types of Batteries: Complete Guide to 50+ Battery Types (2025)
The rapid growth of mobile devices, e-mobility, and energy storage has made power bank performance and safety more critical than ever. At the core of every high-quality power bank is its battery chemistry. For OEM/ODM brands sourcing power banks for EU and US markets, understanding the differences between Li-ion, Li-Polymer, LFP, semi-solid, and solid-state batteries is essential to meet safety, efficiency, and consumer expectations.
This guide explains the materials, chemistry, and performance characteristics of each battery type, along with their advantages and trade-offs in real-world applications. Drawing from expert sources on battery materials, overheating risks, and emerging technologies, we’ll help you choose the best for your needs.
1. Lithium-Ion Batteries (Li-ion)
Overview
Lithium-ion batteries dominate the power bank market due to their high energy density, long cycle life, and established safety standards. They are usually cylindrical (e.g., 18650: 18mm diameter, 65mm length for balanced capacity; 21700: 21mm diameter, 70mm length for higher efficiency) or prismatic cells. Composition includes graphite anodes, lithium salt electrolytes in organic solvents, and varying cathodes.
Common Chemistries
- LCO (Lithium Cobalt Oxide): High energy density, popular in compact high-capacity devices; slightly lower safety under thermal stress.
- NCM (Nickel-Cobalt-Manganese): Balanced energy, power, and safety; widely used in consumer power banks with models like 18650/21700.
- NCA (Nickel-Cobalt-Aluminum): Extremely high energy density; mostly in high-end devices, offering up to 260 Wh/kg.
Advantages
- High voltage (3.6-3.7V per cell), ideal for compact 500-1000mAh models in applications like remotes or medical devices.
- Mature supply chain with low self-discharge.
- Efficient fast charging protocols (PD, QC).
- Energy density: 150-260 Wh/kg; cycle life: 500-1,000.
Drawbacks
- Thermal sensitivity; requires robust BMS and protection circuits to prevent overheating from high currents or defects.
- Slightly heavier than Li-Po for the same capacity.
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2. Lithium-Polymer Batteries (Li-Po)
Overview
Li-Po batteries use a gel-like polymer electrolyte instead of liquid, allowing slimmer, lightweight, and flexible shapes. Common models include 606090 (60x60x90mm for high capacity) and 1260100 (slim profiles).
Advantages
- Ultra-thin and flexible design (perfect for slim power banks).
- Lower risk of leakage compared to traditional Li-ion; enhanced safety.
- High discharge current capability.
- Energy density: 130-200 Wh/kg; cycle life: 500-800.
Drawbacks
- Slightly lower energy density than Li-ion.
- More sensitive to overcharging and overdischarging.
- Requires precise manufacturing for safety; higher cost.
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3. Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP)
Overview
LFP batteries (also known as LiFePO4) offer enhanced safety and long cycle life at a slightly lower energy density. Common models: 26650 (high capacity/stable) and 32700 (durable).
Advantages
- High thermal stability; very safe for high-capacity power banks, resisting runaway up to 60°C higher than NCM.
- Over 2,000-3,000+ charge cycles.
- Lower internal resistance; reliable high-current output.
- Excellent at high temperatures.
Drawbacks
- Heavier and lower energy density (90-160 Wh/kg) for the same capacity.
- Larger volume may limit ultra-compact designs.
4. Semi-Solid Lithium Batteries
Overview
Emerging semi-solid-state batteries replace part of the liquid electrolyte with a polymer gel, providing better safety and energy density than Li-ion. In 2025, they’ve seen commercialization in China (e.g., CATL, NIO), with products like hybrid-solid state power banks offering gel-like electrolytes for higher density. They retain 5-10% liquid for easier production.
Advantages
- Higher thermal stability than Li-ion; safer for fast-charging.
- Energy density: 250-300 Wh/kg; cycle life: 1,000-1,500+.
- Enhanced performance and lifespan; ideal for high-power applications.
Drawbacks
- Still in limited mass production; costs 1.5x higher than Li-ion.
- Transitional tech before full solid-state.
All solid state battery vs semi solid battery vs liquid battery …
5. Solid-State Batteries
Overview
Solid-state batteries completely eliminate liquid electrolytes, using solid (ceramic or polymer) layers for maximum safety. By 2025-2026, commercialization is advancing, with products like KU XIU’s 5000mAh magnetic charger and projections for 300-500 Wh/kg by companies like Toyota and Samsung.
Advantages
- Extremely low fire risk; improved safety and simplified designs.
- High energy density (350-500 Wh/kg); longer shelf life and cycles (3,000+).
- Potential for ultra-compact power banks.
Drawbacks
- Very high cost; manufacturing in R&D/pilot scale.
- Challenges like dendrite formation; limited OEM supply.
A) Schematic illustration of the all‐solid‐state lithium battery …
6. Key Considerations for OEM/ODM Sourcing
When selecting battery types for power banks, consider:
7. Safety & Thermal Management
Battery overheating is the leading cause of failures in power banks, stemming from high current discharge, hot environments, aging, defects, or overcharging. Modern batteries integrate:
- Battery Management Systems (BMS): Monitors voltage, current, temperature, and includes cell balancing.
- Active Balancing ICs: Equalize cell charge to extend life and improve safety.
- Protections: Against overcharge, over-discharge, short-circuit, and thermal runaway.
Safe ranges: Operate 0-45°C; charge 5-35°C; store -20-25°C. Prevention: Use approved chargers, ensure ventilation, inspect regularly, avoid extremes.
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8. Trends in 2025 and Beyond
- Increased adoption of LFP and semi-solid for safer high-capacity power banks, with semi-solid already in products like Energea’s hybrid-solid state.
- Fast-charging protocols (PD 3.1, QC5.0) pushing chemistry limits.
- Wireless and magnetic charging support.
- Solid-state commercialization by 2026-2027 for premium devices, with energy densities up to 500 Wh/kg.
🏭 9. Why Choose Reachinno as Your Battery Partner
At Reachinno Innovation, we don’t just assemble power banks — we engineer them from the cell chemistry upward. 🌱 Our Advantages:
- 🧪 20+ years of manufacturing experience in consumer power electronics
- 🔋 Own R&D and testing center for cell matching, BMS optimization, and certification compliance
- 🧰 ODM/Customized project service — from concept to mass production
- 🛡️ Full certification coverage: UL, UN38.3, CE, RoHS, FCC, and CCC for semi-solid power banks (June 2025)
- 🌍 Trusted by global brands across Japan, the U.S., and Europe
With our LFP and semi-solid product line, we help brands achieve better safety, longer lifespan, and stronger market competitiveness — all while staying compliant with 2025’s latest safety regulations.
📊 10. Summary: The Future Is Semi-Solid
From the early Li-ion days to today’s semi-solid innovation, battery evolution has always been about one goal: safer, longer-lasting, smarter energy.
As the global market demands higher performance with tighter certification standards, Reachinno stands at the frontier, bringing semi-solid CCC-certified power banks to mass production — a true milestone in portable energy technology.
Ready to power the future? Contact Reachinno today for OEM/ODM solutions that meet 2025’s toughest standards. Contact Us | Explore Products
Last Updated: November 12, 2025 Keywords: power bank battery types 2025, Li-ion vs Li-Po vs LFP, semi-solid battery power bank, OEM power bank manufacturer, solid-state power bank technology
